CLINICAL/FORENSICS
15
Phenothiazines; Sympathomimetic Amines
GC
GC
SympathomimeticAmines
Sympathomimetic amine drugs include both
controlled and non-controlled substances based
on phenylethylamine, with various functional
groups substituted at key positions on themole-
cule. Active hydrogens on the amine portion of
the molecule necessitate derivatization to
improve peak shape and response. Acylating
reagentshavebeenused toproduce lesspolarand
less reactivecompounds that chromatographwell
on low polarity stationary phases like Rtx®-5. A
carefullychosenderivatizing reagent canproduce
differences in relative retention time for specific
compounds and help to resolve coelutions.
Identification by GC/MS can be improved by
using a reagent that produces unique highmass
ion fragments. Deactivated vials, glassware and
inlet liners shouldbeused tomaintain consistent
recoveryduring samplepreparation and analysis.
Phenothiazines (Underivatized)
Rtx
®
-5
1
9
87
5,6
4
3
2
15m, 0.32mm ID, 0.50µmRtx
®
-5 (cat.# 10236)
1.0µL split injection of phenothiazines
Conc.:
2000ng/µL
Oven temp.:
200°C to 325°C@ 5°C/min.
Inj. / det. temp.:
250°C / 315°C
Carrier gas:
helium
Linear velocity:
25cm/sec. set@ 200°C
FID sensitivity:
2.56 x 10
-10
AFS
Split ratio:
30:1
min. 5
10
15
20
25
10
GC_PH00269
1. phenothiazine
2. promethazine
3. trimeprazine
4. promazine
5. chlorprothixene
6. chlorpromazine
7. trifluoperazine
8. acetopromazine
9. prochlorperazine
10. thioridazine
SympathomimeticAmines (Underivatized)
Rtx
®
-5Amine
1
2
3
4
5
6
7 8
9
10
11,12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
21
22
1. phenylethylamine
2. amphetamine
3. phentermine
4. methamphetamine
5. fenfluramine
6. mephentermine
7. cathinone
8. phenylpropanolamine
9. methcathinone
10. nicotine
11. ephedrine
12. pseudoephedrine
13. phenmetrazine
14. phendimetrazine
15. methylenedioxyamphetamine
16. diethylpropion
17. methylenedioxymethamphetamine
18. methylenedioxyethylamphetamine
19. 4-methyl-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine
20. phenylephrine
21. caffeine
22. benzphetamine
30m, 0.25mm ID, 0.50µmRtx
®
-5 Amine (cat.# 12338)
split mode, split vent flow rate 45mL/min.
Oven temp.:
100°C to 310°C@ 10°C/min.
Varian 3400GC coupledwith Varian Saturn 2000MS detector
Mass spectroscopy data collected using a scan range of 40 amu through 600 amu.
Ionization performed in the EI Automode.
min.
5
7.5
10
12.5
15
17.5
20
GC_PH00438
Phenothiazines
Phenothiazines are highmolecular weight com-
pounds based on a three ring structure. When
analyzing phenothiazines by gas chromatogra-
phy, retention times are typically long with elu-
tion temperatures at ornear themaximumoper-
ating temperature of the column. Using shorter
columns will help to reduce the effective elution
temperature andoverall analysis time.
