CLINICAL/FORENSICS
12
Cannabinoids; Opiates
GC
GC
Cannabinoids
Analysis of cannabinoids includes screening for
parent compounds as well as metabolites of the
activeconstituents inmarijuana.Derivatization is
commonlyemployed tohelp improvepeak shape
and resolution.Derivatization also can aid in the
identificationof specificcannabinoidsbyGC/MS
by producing unique high mass ion fragments.
Columnswith lowbleed andhigh thermal stabil-
ityare required for trace level analysis.Lowpolar-
ity columns, like theRtx
®
-5 column, provide suf-
ficient resolution for derivatized cannabinoids
without extending the run timeunnecessarily.
Opiates
Opiates are comprised of a multiple ring struc-
ture, substitutedat various sites,producingcom-
pounds with different degrees of potency.When
substitution iswith a hydroxyl group, derivatiza-
tion prior to analysis by GC is necessary to
improvepeak shape and response.Derivatization
alsocanaid in the identificationof opiatesduring
GC/MS analysis by forming unique high mass
ion fragments. AnRtx®-5 column can efficiently
separate trimethylsilyl or fluoroacyl derivativesof
the opiates.
1. cannabidiol
2.
Δ
8
-tetrahydrocannabinol
3.
Δ
9
-tetrahydrocannabinol
4. cannibinol
5. 11-hydroxy-
Δ
9
-tetrahydrocannabinol
6. 11-nor-
Δ
9
-tetrahydrocannabinol carboxylic acid
7. 11-nor-
Δ
8
-tetrahydrocannabinol carboxylic acid
Cannabinoids (TMSDerivatives)
Rtx®-5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
min.
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14
15
GC_PH00253
15m, 0.25mm ID, 0.25µmRtx
®
-5 (cat.# 10220)
1.0µL splitless injection of cannabinoids
Conc.:
100µg/mL
Oven temp.:
50°C (hold 0.5min.) to 225°C@ 30°C/min.,
to 325°C@ 10°C/min.
Inj. temp.:
225°C
Interface temp.:
320°C
Det.:
MSD
Ionization:
EI
Carrier gas:
helium
Scan range:
40-500 AMU
Linear velocity:
40cm/sec. set@ 50°C
Splitless hold time:
0.75min.
Opiates (TMSDerivatives)
Rtx®-5
1 2
3
4
5
6
7,8
9 10
11
min.
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
GC_PH00233
1. meperidine
2. alphaprodine
3. methadone
4. levorphanol (TMS)
5. codeine (TMS)
6. hydrocodone
7. morphine (TMS)
8. hydromorphone (TMS)
9. oxycodone (TMS)
10. oxymorphone (TMS)
11. nalorphine (TMS)
30m, 0.25mm ID, 0.25µmRtx
®
-5 (cat.# 10223)
2.0µL split injection of opiates
Conc:
2000ng/µL
Oven temp.:
200°C to 325°C@ 7°C/min.
Inj. / det. temp.:
250°C / 300°C
Det. type:
MS
Ionization:
EI
Carrier gas:
helium
Mode:
full scan
Linear velocity:
30cm/sec. set@ 200°C
Split ratio:
50:1
HandbookofForensic
DrugAnalysis
cat.# 23055 (ea.)
$125
free
literature
OpiateAnalysis
lit. cat.# 59576
Call Restek at 800-356-1688 or 814-353-1300, ext. 5, or contact
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